Investigation of the antioxidant effects of Trolox on HT-29 colon cancer cells

Abstract

Aim: To elucidate the effect of Trolox on HT-29 colon cancer cells and shed light on its therapeutic potential in the treatment of colorectal cancer.

Methods: HT-29 cells were obtained from Atatürk University, Department of Medical Pharmacology (Erzurum, Turkey). Trolox doses (0.1, 1, 10, 100, and 1000 μM) were added to HT-29 cells under cell culture conditions. After 24 hours, cell viability was determined by 3-(4.5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2.5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT). Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were analyzed. MTT and ELISA data were evaluated using the One-Way Analysis of Variance (One-Way ANOVA) technique with GraphPad 9.5 software.

Results: While the viability of the control group was 100%, the viability of the other groups was proportional. Viability decreased at different Trolox dosages. Viability rates were lowest at 100 µM and 1000 µM concentrations. The IC50 value of Trolox in HT-29 cells was calculated as 866.26 µM. Statistical analysis showed significant findings. MTT results were consistent with our TAC, TOS, SOD and LDH analyses.

Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that high concentrations of Trolox exert a cytotoxic effect on HT-29 cells by depleting antioxidant defenses and inducing oxidative stress, acting as a pro-oxidant.